Shloka 13

सीतावियोगे रामविलापः

Rāma’s Lament in Separation from Sītā

Devanagari script

निवृत्तवनवासश्च जनकं मिथिलाधिपम्।।3.62.13।।कुशलं परिपृच्छन्तं कथं शक्ष्ये निरीक्षितुम्।

Transliteration

nivṛtta-vanavāsaś ca janakaṃ mithilādhipam | kuśalaṃ paripṛcchantaṃ kathaṃ śakṣye nirīkṣitum || 3.62.13 ||

Translation

Lorsque mon exil dans la forêt sera achevé, comment pourrai-je soutenir le regard de Janaka, seigneur de Mithilā, lorsqu’il demandera de ses nouvelles et de son bien-être ?

Word by Word

• निवृत्तवनवासः: (I) having completed forest-exile
• निवृत्तवनवासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निवृत्त-वनवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थ) ‘निवृत्तः वनवासः यस्य’ = ‘whose forest-dwelling is completed’ (speaker implied)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• जनकम्: Janaka
• जनकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

• मिथिलाधिपम्: lord of Mithilā
• मिथिलाधिपम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मिथिला-अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) ‘मिथिलायाः अधिपः’

• कुशलम्: welfare
• कुशलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुशल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; ‘परिपृच्छन्तम्’ इत्यस्य कर्म

• परिपृच्छन्तम्: inquiring (about)
• परिपृच्छन्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-प्रच्छ् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; ‘जनकम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (‘inquiring’)

• कथम्: how
• कथम्: Sambandha (प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक

• शक्ष्ये: shall be able
• शक्ष्ये: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (भविष्यत्काल), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्

• निरीक्षितुम्: to face/see
• निरीक्षितुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/अनन्तरक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-ईक्ष् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तुमुनन्त (infinitive); ‘to look at/face’; ‘शक्ष्ये’ इत्यस्य पूरकः

Context

If the king of Videha sees me without her, he will surely be distressed and will fall into a swoon for the love of his daughter.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā
• Janaka
• Mithilā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Truthfulness and accountability to elders: Rāma anticipates the obligation to answer Janaka honestly, and that truth would expose his failure to protect Sītā.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma imagines returning after exile and being questioned by Sītā’s father about her well-being.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity—Rāma cannot hide behind status; he feels answerable to family bonds and moral scrutiny.