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Shloka 21

Instruction to Śatrughna and the Mobilization for Rāma’s Aśvamedha

अथ सैन्यं समाहूय सर्वमाज्ञापयत्तदा । हस्त्यश्वरथपादातवृन्दैः सुबहुसंकुलम्

atha sainyaṃ samāhūya sarvamājñāpayattadā | hastyaśvarathapādātavṛndaiḥ subahusaṃkulam

Puis, ayant rassemblé toute l’armée, il donna alors ses ordres ; (la troupe) était serrée, foisonnante de nombreux groupes d’éléphants, de chevaux, de chars et de fantassins.

athathen
atha:
Kāla-sambandha (Discourse/temporal marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनन्तरार्थक/प्रस्तावक (then/now)
sainyamthe army
sainyam:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsainya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
samāhūyahaving summoned
samāhūya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-√hū (धातु; हू)
Formक्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive); अव्ययभाव—‘समाहूय’ (having summoned)
sarvamentire
sarvam:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘सैन्यम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (all/entire)
ājñāpayatcommanded
ājñāpayat:
Kriyā (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√jñā (धातु; ज्ञा) causative (णिच्)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिजन्त—‘आज्ञापयत्’ (he commanded/ordered)
tadāat that time
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (Temporal adjunct)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक (at that time)
hasti-aśva-ratha-pādāta-vṛndaiḥby groups of elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry
hasti-aśva-ratha-pādāta-vṛndaiḥ:
Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Roothasti (प्रातिपदिक) + aśva (प्रातिपदिक) + ratha (प्रातिपदिक) + pādāta (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛnda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (वृन्द-आधार), तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास—‘हस्ति-अश्व-रथ-पादातानां वृन्दैः’ (by groups of elephants, horses, chariots, and foot-soldiers)
su-bahu-saṃkulamvery densely crowded
su-bahu-saṃkulam:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + bahu (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃkula (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-भाव)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारय—‘सुबहुना संकुलम्’ (very densely crowded); (सैन्यम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)

Narrator (speaker not explicitly identifiable from the single verse provided)

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: netherworld

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सर्वमाज्ञापयत्तदा = सर्वम् + आज्ञापयत् + तदा (त् + त → त्त). हस्त्यश्वरथपादातवृन्दैः = हस्ति + अश्व + रथ + पादात + वृन्दैः (समास). सुबहुसंकुलम् = सु + बहु + संकुलम्.

FAQs

It depicts a ruler or commander summoning the full army and issuing orders, emphasizing the vast, well-equipped military formation.

They denote the four main components of a traditional army: elephants (hasti), cavalry (aśva), chariots (ratha), and infantry (pādāta).

The verse highlights decisive leadership and organized mobilization—often a prelude to a major event such as a campaign, confrontation, or protection of dharma within the narrative.