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Shloka 39

The Description of the Greatness of the Gaṅgā

यज्ञैर्यमैश्च नियमैर्दानैः संन्यासतोऽपि वा । न तत्फलमवाप्रोति गंगां सेव्य यदाप्नुयात् ॥ ४० ॥

yajñairyamaiśca niyamairdānaiḥ saṃnyāsato'pi vā | na tatphalamavāproti gaṃgāṃ sevya yadāpnuyāt || 40 ||

Par les sacrifices, par les yamas et les niyamas, par les dons, ou même par le renoncement, on n’obtient pas ce fruit même que l’on gagne en servant la Gaṅgā.

यज्ञैःby sacrifices
यज्ञैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
यमैःby restraints (yamas)
यमैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Conjunction)
नियमैःby observances (niyamas)
नियमैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootनियम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
दानैःby gifts/charity
दानैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
संन्यासतःby/through renunciation
संन्यासतः:
करण/हेतु (Instrument/Cause-like)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसंन्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (Ablatival adverb) — तसिल्-प्रत्ययार्थक ‘from/through renunciation’
अपिeven
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Particle) — ‘even/also’
वाor
वा:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Disjunctive particle) — विकल्प
not
:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Negation particle)
तत्-फलम्that fruit/result
तत्-फलम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन — षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (तस्य फलम्)
अवाप्नोतिattains
अवाप्नोति:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअव + आप् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपदम्
गङ्गाम्the Ganga
गङ्गाम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
सेव्यhaving served
सेव्य:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootसेव् (धातु) + य (कृदन्त)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वार्थक-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive) — ‘having served’ (सेवित्वा-समर्थ)
यत्which (result)
यत्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन — सम्बन्धसूचक; ‘which (fruit)’
आप्नुयात्would attain
आप्नुयात्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootआप् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपदम्

Narada (teaching in the Ganga Mahatmya section; framed within the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue tradition)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

G
Ganga

FAQs

It declares the extraordinary sanctifying power of Gaṅgā-sevā: the merit gained by devoted service to the Gaṅgā surpasses the results of major ritual and ascetic disciplines, highlighting tirtha as a direct purifier and giver of spiritual fruit.

By valuing “service” (seva) to a sacred manifestation like Gaṅgā above formal austerities, the verse emphasizes heartfelt devotional engagement—approaching the holy with reverence and surrender—as a potent means to spiritual attainment.

The verse references dharma-sādhana categories—yajña (kalpa/ritual practice) and yama–niyama (discipline aligned with dharma)—and teaches their comparative phala (results), a practical takeaway for prioritizing tirtha-sevā within ritual life.