Shloka 29

Adhyaya 82 — The Rise of Mahishasura and the Manifestation of the Goddess from the Gods’ Tejas

Sanskrit

हिमवान् वाहनं सिंहं रत्नानि विविधानि च ।

ददावशून्यं सुरया पानपात्रं धनाधिपः ॥

Transliteration

himavān vāhanaṃ siṃhaṃ ratnāni vividhāni ca | dadāv aśūnyaṃ surayā pānapātraṃ dhanādhipaḥ ||

Translation

Himavān lui donna un lion pour monture et des gemmes variées. Et le Seigneur des Richesses (Kubera) lui offrit un vase à boire qui ne se vidait jamais de surā (liqueur forte).

Word by Word

• himavān: Himavān (the हिमालय)
• himavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: himavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• vāhanam: vehicle, mount
• vāhanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• siṃham: lion
• siṃham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: siṃha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• ratnāni: gems
• ratnāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vividhāni: various
• vividhāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vividha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• dadau: gave
• dadau: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धाातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• aśūnyam: not empty, filled
• aśūnyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a + śūnya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• surayā: with liquor (surā)
• surayā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: surā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• pānapātram: drinking-vessel, cup
• pānapātram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāna + pātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); समास: pāna-pātra (पान + पात्र)

• dhanādhipaḥ: the lord of wealth (Kubera)
• dhanādhipaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhana + adhipa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); समास: dhana-adhipa (धन + अधिप)

Speakers

• Narrative within the Devi Mahatmyam

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī (Durgā)
• Himavān
• Kubera (Dhanādhipa)

Shakti Aspects

• Durgā (Siṃhavāhinī—lion-rider)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Divine mount
• Royal power
• Inexhaustible resources

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The lion-mount signifies fearless righteous authority; inexhaustible provisions indicate that when the divine mission is dharmic, resources appear sufficient for its completion.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita (sacred narrative) illustrating divine preparation for the defeat of adharma; not a manvantara or genealogy passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

The lion represents mastered ferocity and sovereign courage. The ‘never-empty’ cup can symbolize inexhaustible śakti/ānanda sustaining the divine warrior in cosmic struggle (read symbolically rather than as an ethical endorsement of intoxication).