Shloka 113

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

चण्डालयोन्योऽवसथे लीका या प्रसविष्यति ।

तस्याश्च सन्तिः पूर्वा सा च सद्यो नशिष्यति ॥

Transliteration

caṇḍālayonyo ’vasathe līkā yā prasaviṣyati /

tasyāś ca santiḥ pūrvā sā ca sadyo naśiṣyati

Translation

Dans la demeure de celui qui est né d’un sein de Caṇḍāla, une femme nommée Līkā enfantera. Son enfant précédent est appelé Santiḥ, et elle (Santiḥ) périt aussitôt.

Word by Word

• चण्डाल-योन्यः: (one) of Caṇḍāla-womb/origin
• चण्डाल-योन्यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चण्डाल + योनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (चण्डालस्य योनि:), used adjectivally qualifying implied subject/agent

• अवसथे: in the dwelling/abode
• अवसथे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवसथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• लीका: a louse
• लीका: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लीका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• या: which (she)
• या: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun

• प्रसविष्यति: will give birth
• प्रसविष्यति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र√सू (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• सन्तिः: offspring/progeny
• सन्तिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• पूर्वा: former/previous
• पूर्वा: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying सन्तिः

• सा: that (she/it)
• सा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun referring to सन्तिः

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• सद्यः: immediately
• सद्यः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सद्यः (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेधार्थक अव्यय)

• शिष्यति: remains/survives
• शिष्यति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शिष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Narrator voice within the Markandeya Purana (frame not explicit in these verses)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Adharma and social disorder (as narrated)
• Etiological myth (origins of afflictions)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

These verses are part of an etiological account: social and moral deviation is narrated as giving rise to destructive forces. The immediate perishing of 'Santiḥ' (Peace) functions as a moral emblem—when such afflictive forces arise, peace is the first casualty.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily within Sarga/Pratisarga-style mythic narration used to explain the emergence of negative conditions (a localized 'origin account' rather than a full cosmological sarga).

What is the esoteric significance?

Names operate symbolically: 'Santiḥ' (peace) being destroyed at once suggests that when ignorance/impurity dominates, inner tranquility collapses immediately, allowing further afflictions to manifest.