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Shloka 42

Adhyaya 48The Emanation of Beings from Brahma: Night, Day, Twilight, and the Orders of Creation

नाम रूपञ्च भूतानां कृत्यानाञ्च प्रपञ्चनम् ।

वेदशब्देभ्य एवाऽऽदौ देवादीनाञ्चकार सः ॥

nāma rūpañ ca bhūtānāṃ kṛtyānāṃ ca prapañcanam / vedaśabdebhya evādau devādīnāṃ cakāra saḥ

Dès l’origine, lui (Brahmā) façonna—au moyen des sons du Veda—la manifestation détaillée des noms et des formes des êtres, et établit aussi l’ordonnancement des rites et des actes, en commençant par les dieux et ainsi de suite.

nāmaname
nāma:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
rūpamform
rūpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
bhūtānāmof beings
bhūtānām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
kṛtyānāmof duties/rites (things to be done)
kṛtyānām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
prapañcanamdetailed manifestation/expansion
prapañcanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprapañcana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
veda-śabdebhyaḥfrom the Vedic words
veda-śabdebhyaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootveda (प्रातिपदिक) + śabda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Plural (बहुवचन); Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘veda-śabdāḥ’ = words of the Veda
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक/अवधारण अव्यय)
ādauin the beginning
ādau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial use
deva-ādīnāmof the gods and others
deva-ādīnām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘deva-ādayaḥ’ = gods and others
cakāramade/created
cakāra:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
Narrative voice within the cosmology account (contextually Markandeya speaking in the broader dialogue)

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Brahmā
CosmologySarga (creation)Veda as creative principleName-and-form (nāma-rūpa)

FAQs

The verse places Vedic sound (śabda) at the root of ordered reality: the cosmos is not random but structured through intelligible principles—names, forms, and prescribed actions—implying that dharma (right action) is woven into creation itself.

Primarily Sarga (primary creation): the origination of differentiated beings via nāma-rūpa and the establishment of ritual/functional order.

Veda-śabda indicates a mantra-like ontology: sound as archetype. ‘Name and form’ signify the descent from subtle principle to manifest multiplicity; ‘kṛtya’ hints that cosmic order includes karmic/ritual law, not merely physical forms.