Shloka 6

Adhyaya 32 — Rules for Parvana Śrāddha: Foods that Please the Ancestors and Items to Avoid

Sanskrit

तथैकादशमासांस्तु औरभ्रं पितृतृप्तिदम् ।

संवत्सरं तथा गव्यं पयः पायसमेव वा ॥

Transliteration

tathaikādaśamāsāṃs tu aurabhraṃ pitṛtṛptidam / saṃvatsaraṃ tathā gavyaṃ payaḥ pāyasam eva vā

Translation

De même, l’aurabhra (chair de mouton ou de bélier) donne satisfaction aux Pitṛ pendant onze mois. Et les aliments issus de la vache—le lait, ou même le riz cuit dans le lait (pāyasa)—(donnent satisfaction) pour une année entière.

Word by Word

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-क्रियाविशेषण (adverb ‘thus/likewise’)

• एकादशमासान्: eleven months
• एकादशमासान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकादश + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्विगु-समासः (एकादश मासाः)

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (indeed/but)

• औरभ्रम्: sheep/ram meat
• औरभ्रम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: औरभ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (उरभ्र/भेड़-सम्बद्धं मांसम्)

• पितृ-तृप्ति-दम्: giving satisfaction to the ancestors
• पितृ-तृप्ति-दम्: Vidhana (विधान/Predicative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पितृ + तृप्ति + द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (पितॄणां तृप्तिं ददाति इति)

• संवत्सरम्: for a year
• संवत्सरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कालपरिमाण (duration)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण

• गव्यम्: cow-product (e.g., milk)
• गव्यम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; गो-सम्बन्धि (product of cow)

• पयः: milk
• पयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पायसम्: rice-pudding (payasa)
• पायसम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पायस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक-निपात (restrictive particle ‘only/just’)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक-निपात (disjunctive ‘or’)

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not explicit in the provided extract)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śrāddha
• Pitṛ-pūjā
• Ahimsā-adjacent substitution (dairy offerings)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Notably, cow-products (milk/pāyasa) are elevated to year-long efficacy, showing that śrāddha need not be meat-centered; nourishing, sattva-leaning offerings are also portrayed as highly meritorious.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma (ācāra) content, complementing Purāṇic narrative rather than constituting sarga/manvantara genealogical material.

What is the esoteric significance?

Gavya symbolizes ‘sustaining abundance’ (go as nourishment and dharma). The year measure can indicate completeness/wholeness, implying a more stable, harmonizing offering for the ancestral realm.