Shloka 36

Adhyaya 19 — Dama's Teaching

Sanskrit

अधर्मस्य विनाशाय धर्माचारार्थमेव च ।

अनादिनिधनो देवः करोति स्थितिपालनम् ॥

Transliteration

adharmasya vināśāya dharmācārārtham eva ca | anādinidhano devaḥ karoti sthiti-pālanam ||

Translation

Afin de détruire l’adharma et, certes, de promouvoir la pratique du dharma, le Dieu sans commencement ni fin accomplit la protection de la stabilité du monde.

Word by Word

• अधर्मस्य: of adharma (unrighteousness)
• अधर्मस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• विनाशाय: for destruction
• विनाशाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)

• धर्माचारार्थम्: the purpose of (establishing) righteous conduct
• धर्माचारार्थम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + आचार + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): धर्मस्य आचारः तस्य अर्थः = for the purpose of righteous conduct

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण-निपात (emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)

• अनादिनिधनः: beginningless and endless
• अनादिनिधनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनादि + निधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); द्वन्द्व (itaretara): (अनादिः) च (अनिधनः) च = without beginning and without end

• देवः: the Lord/god
• देवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• करोति: does/undertakes
• करोति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• स्थितिपालनम्: maintenance (of order)
• स्थितिपालनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थिति + पालन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: स्थितेः पालनम् = maintenance of stability/order

Speakers

• Frame-dialogue context (Dharmapakṣī birds narrating; doctrinal statement)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Viṣṇu (as preserver)

Key Themes

• Dharma vs adharma
• Divine preservation (sthiti)
• Cosmic governance

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Cosmic order is not morally neutral: preservation is explicitly tied to the defeat of adharma and the encouragement of right conduct, implying that ethics is woven into the structure of reality.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Relates conceptually to sarga/pratisarga/sthiti doctrine (triad of creation–maintenance–dissolution), here emphasizing sthiti (preservation) as a divine function.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Sthiti’ can be read inwardly: the divine preserves the seeker’s inner order by dissolving tendencies of adharma and establishing stable dharmic habits (saṃskāra-śuddhi).