Shloka 79

Adhyaya 15 — Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

Sanskrit

अहञ्चान्ये च ये तत्र यातनाभ्यः परिच्युताः ।

स्वकर्मफलनिर्दिष्टं ततो जात्यन्तरं गताः ॥

Transliteration

ahañ cānye ca ye tatra yātanābhyaḥ paricyutāḥ | svakarmaphalanirdiṣṭaṃ tato jātyantaraṃ gatāḥ ||

Translation

Et moi, ainsi que d’autres qui, là, nous sommes dégagés de ces tourments, nous allâmes ensuite vers une autre naissance, selon le fruit de nos propres actes (karma) qui en fixe le décret.

Word by Word

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), उत्तमपुरुषार्थक; एकवचन; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अन्ये: others
• अन्ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb: there)

• यातनाभ्यः: from the torments
• यातनाभ्यः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यातना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative); बहुवचन

• परिच्युताः: fallen away / released
• परिच्युताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि√च्यु (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन

• स्वकर्मफलनिर्दिष्टम्: assigned by one’s own karma-fruit
• स्वकर्मफलनिर्दिष्टम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व + कर्म + फल + निर्दिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying the implied 'स्थानम्/गति')

• ततः: from there / then
• ततः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अपादान/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (from there/then)

• जात्यन्तरम्: another birth/species
• जात्यन्तरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाति + अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन

• गताः: have gone
• गताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past active participle sense, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन

Speakers

• Son continuing narration (first-person reference implies the narrator experienced it in a prior life or vision)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Saṃsāra
• Rebirth
• Karmic allocation
• Afterlife mechanics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Hell is not final; it is a transitional state where certain karmas are exhausted, after which rebirth follows according to remaining karmic momentum. Responsibility remains personal: one’s own deeds define one’s next embodiment.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/karma teaching within narrative; tangentially supports manvantara-style moral order (ṛta/dharma) but does not name a Manu or era.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Another birth’ indicates the continuity of latent impressions (saṃskāras). Release from yātanā without liberation (mokṣa) implies karmic purification without final transcendence.