Shloka 74

अध्याय ५८ — वानरध्वजस्य महेन्द्रास्त्रप्रयोगः

Chapter 58: Arjuna’s Deployment of the Indra-Weapon

Devanagari script

स मन्युवशमापतन्नः पार्थमभ्यद्रवद्‌ रणे । किरज्छरसहस्राणि पर्जन्य इव वृष्टिमान्‌

Transliteration

sa manyuvaśam āpatan naḥ pārtham abhyadravad raṇe | kirac charasahasrāṇi parjanya iva vṛṣṭimān |

Translation

Subjugué par la fureur, le fils du maître se rua sur Pārtha au cœur de la bataille, déversant des milliers de flèches tel un nuage lourd de pluie.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मन्युवशम्: under the sway of anger
• मन्युवशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्युवश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आपतत्: fell into / came under
• Type: Verb
• Root: आपत् (धातु: पत्)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• नः: of us / our
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Plural

• पार्थम्: Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)
• पार्थम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभ्यद्रवत्: rushed upon / charged at
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-द्रु (धातु: द्रु)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• किरन्: scattering / showering
• किरन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: किर्
• Form: Śatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शर-सहस्राणि: thousands of arrows
• शर-सहस्राणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर; सहस्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• पर्जन्यः: a rain-cloud / Parjanya
• पर्जन्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्जन्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इव: like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• वृष्टिमान्: rain-bearing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृष्टिमत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Ācāryaputra (son of the teacher)
• battlefield (raṇa)
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical danger of krodha (anger): when a warrior becomes anger-controlled, even refined martial skill turns into uncontrolled aggression. Implicitly, it values self-mastery as essential for dharmic action in war.

What is happening in the narrative?

The teacher’s son, seized by rage, charges at Arjuna (Pārtha) in battle and unleashes a dense barrage—thousands of arrows—likened to a rain-cloud pouring down.