Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange
Chapter 55
ध्वजे कमण्डलुर्यस्य शातकौम्भमय: शुभ: । आचार्य एष हि द्रोण: सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वर:,जिनकी ध्वजामें सुन्दर सुवर्णमय कमण्डलु सुशोभित है, ये सम्पूर्ण शस्त्रधारियोंमें श्रेष्ठ आचार्य द्रोण हैं
dhvaje kamaṇḍalur yasya śātakaumbhamayaḥ śubhaḥ | ācārya eṣa hi droṇaḥ sarvaśastrabhṛtāṃ varaḥ ||
Arjuna dit : «Celui dont la bannière est ornée d’un vase d’eau (kamaṇḍalu) de bon augure, fait d’un métal doré éclatant, c’est bien le précepteur Droṇa, le premier de tous ceux qui portent les armes.» Au seuil du combat, Arjuna ne reconnaît pas seulement un adversaire, mais un maître vénéré, faisant ressortir la tension morale entre le devoir guerrier et la révérence due au guru.
अजुन उवाच
Even in warfare, discernment and moral awareness remain essential: Arjuna’s recognition of Droṇa as ‘ācārya’ underscores that opponents may be venerable figures, and that kṣatriya duty can collide with obligations of respect and gratitude toward one’s teacher.
Arjuna is identifying warriors by their distinguishing emblems. Seeing a banner marked by a golden kamaṇḍalu, he points out that the warrior is Droṇa, renowned as the greatest among weapon-bearers, thereby situating the coming conflict within a personal and ethical frame.