Shloka 8

Guṇa-vibhāga and Prāṇa–Agni–Yoga Upadeśa (गुणविभाग तथा प्राण-अग्नि-योगोपदेश)

Devanagari script

पुत्रसंक्रामितश्रीस्तु बृहदश्वो महीपति: । जगाम तपसे धीमांस्तपोवनममित्रहा,शत्रुओंका संहार करनेवाले बुद्धिमान्‌ राजा बृहदश्व॒ राजलक्ष्मीका भार पुत्रपर छोड़कर स्वयं तपस्याके लिये तपोवनमें चले गये

Transliteration

Mārkaṇḍeya uvāca | putrasaṅkrāmitāśrīs tu bṛhadaśvo mahīpatiḥ | jagāma tapase dhīmāṁs tapovanaṁ amitrahā ||

Translation

Mārkaṇḍeya dit : Le sage roi Bṛhadaśva, pourfendeur des ennemis, après avoir transmis à son fils la fortune royale et le fardeau de la souveraineté, partit vers la forêt des austérités afin d’y pratiquer la pénitence. Le vers souligne une transition conforme au dharma : on ne renonce qu’après avoir assuré, par la génération suivante, la continuité du règne et du devoir.

Word by Word

• पुत्र: son
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (in compound, upapada), Singular

• संक्रामित: transferred/handed over
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सं-क्रम् (धातु) → संक्रामित (क्त)
• Form: Feminine (agreeing with श्रीः), Nominative, Singular

• श्रीः: royal fortune/splendour
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• बृहदश्वः: Bṛhadaśva
• बृहदश्वः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहदश्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महीपतिः: king (lord of the earth)
• महीपतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महीपति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जगाम: went
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तपसे: for austerity
• तपसे: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Dative, Singular

• धीमान्: wise
• धीमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीमन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तपोवनम्: forest of austerities/penance-grove
• तपोवनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपोवन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अमित्रहा: slayer of foes
• अमित्रहा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमित्रहन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• Bṛhadaśva
• son of Bṛhadaśva
• tapovana (forest of austerities)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Renunciation is presented as dharmic when it is responsible: a ruler may pursue tapas after ensuring the kingdom’s continuity by transferring sovereignty to a qualified successor, balancing personal spiritual aims with public duty (rājadharma).

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya narrates that King Bṛhadaśva hands over royal prosperity and authority to his son and then leaves for a tapovana to perform austerities, marking a transition from active kingship to ascetic practice.