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Shloka 25

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

चक्षुषा मनसा वाचा कर्मणा च चतुर्विधम्‌ | प्रसादयति यो लोक॑ तं लोको<नुप्रसीदति,जो राजा नेत्र, मन, वाणी और कर्म--इन चारोंसे प्रजाको प्रसन्न करता है, उसीसे प्रजा प्रसन्न रहती है

cakṣuṣā manasā vācā karmaṇā ca caturvidham | prasādayati yo lokaṁ taṁ loko 'nuprasīdati ||

Vidura dit : Le roi qui gagne la bienveillance du peuple par quatre voies—par son regard (la manière dont il les considère), par son esprit (ses intentions), par sa parole et par ses actes—voit le peuple, en retour, demeurer favorable à son égard. Le règne éthique est réciproque : l’attitude intérieure du souverain et sa conduite au dehors font naître la confiance et la loyauté.

चक्षुषाwith the eye
चक्षुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
मनसाwith the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाचाwith speech
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाwith action/deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुर्विधम्fourfold
चतुर्विधम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्विध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रसादयतिpleases, makes favorable
प्रसादयति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+सद् (caus.)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकम्the people/world
लोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
लोकःthe people/world
लोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुप्रसीदतिbecomes pleased in return, favors
अनुप्रसीदति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु+प्र+सद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
L
loka (the people/subjects)
R
rājā (the king, implied)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s legitimacy and stability rest on fourfold integrity—benevolent regard, sincere intention, truthful and kind speech, and just action. When these please the people, the people naturally respond with goodwill and cooperation.

In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers counsel on statecraft and dharma amid rising political tension. Here he summarizes a principle of kingship: the subjects’ loyalty mirrors the king’s inner and outer conduct.