Shloka 63
Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition
त्रिविधा: पुरुषा राजन्नुत्तमाधममध्यमा: । नियोजयेद् यथावत् तांस्त्रिविधेष्वेव कर्मसु,राजन! उत्तम, मध्यम और अधम--ये तीन प्रकारके पुरुष होते हैं; इनको यथायोग्य तीन ही प्रकारके कर्मोमें लगाना चाहिये
trividhāḥ puruṣā rājann uttamādhamamadhyamāḥ | niyojayet yathāvat tāṃs trividhēṣv eva karmasu ||
Vidura dit : «Ô roi, les hommes sont de trois sortes — excellents, moyens et vils. Il faut les affecter, d’une manière juste et ordonnée, aux trois catégories de devoirs et de tâches qui leur correspondent.»
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Vidura teaches a principle of governance and ethics: recognize differences in character and capability (excellent, middling, base) and assign responsibilities accordingly, so that work is done properly and social order is maintained.
In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel sections, Vidura addresses the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), offering practical statecraft and moral guidance; here he advises the king on how to employ people appropriately based on their nature and competence.