Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 19

Amba’s Disclosure of Prior Choice (Śālva) and Appeal to Bhīṣma — Chapter 171

देवव्रतत्वं विज्ञाप्य पृथिवीं सर्वराजसु । नैव हन्यां स्त्रियं जातु न स्त्रीपूर्व कदाचन,सम्पूर्ण भूमण्डलमें समस्त राजाओंके यहाँ अपने देवव्रतस्वरूपकी ख्याति कराकर मैं कभी भी किसी स्त्रीको अथवा जो पहले स्त्री रहा हो, उस पुरुषको भी नहीं मार सकता

devavratatvaṁ vijñāpya pṛthivīṁ sarvarājasu | naiva hanyāṁ striyaṁ jātu na strīpūrvaṁ kadācana ||

Bhīṣma déclare : «Ayant fait connaître parmi tous les rois de la terre mon identité et ma renommée de Devavrata, celui qui est lié par le vœu, je ne pourrai jamais tuer une femme ; ni, en aucune circonstance, un homme qui fut jadis une femme.» Par ces mots, il place sa conduite guerrière sous la contrainte d’un vœu éthique proclamé au grand jour, faisant passer l’honneur et le dharma avant tout avantage tactique.

देवव्रतत्वम्the state/identity of being Devavrata (Bhishma)
देवव्रतत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेवव्रतत्व (देवव्रत + त्व)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विज्ञाप्यhaving made known / having proclaimed
विज्ञाप्य:
TypeVerb
Root√ज्ञा (वि + ज्ञा)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having informed/made known
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वराजसुamong all kings
सर्वराजसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वराजन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / at all
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हन्याम्I should/could kill
हन्याम्:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Potential, 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्त्रियम्a woman
स्त्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
जातुever / at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्त्रीपूर्वम्one who was formerly a woman
स्त्रीपूर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्त्रीपूर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कदाचनever / at any time
कदाचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचन

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma (Devavrata)
P
pṛthivī (the earth/realm)
S
sarvarāja (all kings)

Educational Q&A

A warrior’s power is morally bounded: Bhīṣma presents his publicly known vow-identity (Devavrata) as an ethical constraint, refusing to kill women and also refusing to kill someone identified as having been formerly a woman, even if war pressures might suggest otherwise.

Bhīṣma is explaining the limits of what he will do in the coming conflict. He invokes his established reputation among all kings to emphasize that his conduct must remain consistent with his vow and with dharma, not merely with battlefield expediency.