Shloka 49

Ulūka’s Provocation and Keśava’s Counter-Message (उलूकदूत्ये केशवप्रत्युत्तरम्)

Devanagari script

यच्च कृष्णमवोचस्त्वमायान्तं कुरुसंसदि । अयमस्मि स्थितो राजन्‌ शमाय समराय च,“तुमने कौरव-सभामें आये हुए श्रीकृष्णसे जो यह संदेश दिलाया था कि *राजन्‌! मैं शान्ति और युद्ध दोनोंके लिये तैयार हूँ।' नरेश्वर! उस समरका यह उपयुक्त अवसर आ गया है। युधिष्ठिर! इसीके लिये मैंने यह सब कुछ किया है

Transliteration

yac ca kṛṣṇam avocas tvam āyāntaṁ kuru-saṁsadi | ayam asmi sthito rājan śamāya samarāya ca ||

Translation

Sañjaya dit : «Et le message que tu fis porter à Kṛṣṇa lorsqu’il vint à l’assemblée des Kuru — “Ô roi, je me tiens prêt pour la paix comme pour la guerre” — voici que cet instant est arrivé. L’heure du combat est devenue opportune ; c’est pour cette fin que tous ces efforts ont été entrepris.»

Word by Word

• [{'term': 'yac ca', 'definition': 'and that which

• moreover, that very (statement)'}, {'term': 'kṛṣṇam', 'definition': 'Krishna (Śrī Kṛṣṇa), the envoy and guide'}, {'term': 'avocas', 'definition': 'you said

• you spoke (2nd person singular, perfect)'}, {'term': 'tvam', 'definition': 'you'}, {'term': 'āyāntam', 'definition': 'coming

• having arrived (present participle, accusative)'}, {'term': 'kuru-saṁsadi', 'definition': 'in the Kuru assembly/court'}, {'term': 'ayam asmi', 'definition': 'here I am

• I am this (present, emphatic self-presentation)'}, {'term': 'sthitaḥ', 'definition': 'standing

• resolved'}, {'term': 'rājan', 'definition': 'O King'}, {'term': 'śamāya', 'definition': 'for peace

• for reconciliation (dative of purpose)'}, {'term': 'samarāya', 'definition': 'for battle/war (dative of purpose)'}, {'term': 'ca', 'definition': 'and'}]

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Krishna (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
• King (rājan—addressed figure)
• Kuru assembly (Kuru-saṁsad)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames ethical statecraft as a dual readiness: one must sincerely pursue peace, yet remain prepared to uphold dharma through war if reconciliation fails. It highlights responsibility and resolve rather than impulsive aggression.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya recalls the earlier message delivered to Krishna in the Kuru court—declaring readiness for either peace or war—and states that the situation has now ripened into the decisive moment where that declaration becomes operative.