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Shloka 30

Ulūka’s Provocation and Keśava’s Counter-Message (उलूकदूत्ये केशवप्रत्युत्तरम्)

तथेति त॑ प्रतिज्ञाय मूषिका भरतर्षभ । वृद्धबालमथो सर्व मार्जाराय न्यवेदयन्‌,“भरतश्रेष्ठ! “बहुत अच्छा” कहकर चूहोंने बिलावकी आज्ञाका पालन करनेके लिये हामी भर ली और वृद्ध तथा बालकोंसहित अपना सारा परिवार उस बिलावको सौंप दिया

tatheti taṁ pratijñāya mūṣikā bharatarṣabha | vṛddhabālam atho sarvaṁ mārjārāya nyavedayan ||

Sañjaya dit : « Qu’il en soit ainsi », acquiescèrent les souris, ô taureau parmi les Bhārata. Ayant donné leur assentiment, elles livrèrent à ce chat toute leur communauté—vieillards et enfants sans distinction. L’épisode montre comment une soumission sans examen et une confiance mal placée envers une puissance prédatrice peuvent conduire un peuple entier, jusque dans ses membres les plus fragiles, à la ruine.

तथाthus
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
इतिthus (quotative), saying
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतिज्ञायhaving promised/assented
प्रतिज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-ज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral
मूषिकाःmice
मूषिकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूषिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वृद्धold (ones)
वृद्ध:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बालम्a child / the young one
बालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
सर्वम्all, the whole
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मार्जारायto the cat
मार्जाराय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमार्जार
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
न्यवेदयन्they handed over / they delivered / they presented
न्यवेदयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-अवेदयत् (नि + √विद्/√वेद् causative: अवेदयति)
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
भरतर्षभ (address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra/‘best of the Bharatas’)
मूषिकाः (mice)
मार्जार (cat)
वृद्ध (elders)
बाल (children)

Educational Q&A

The verse warns that agreeing too readily to a powerful adversary’s terms—without discernment—can endanger an entire community. Ethical prudence (nīti) requires testing intentions, especially when the vulnerable (elders and children) will bear the cost of a wrong decision.

The mice respond “tathā” (“so be it”) and formally agree. Then they entrust their whole group, including elders and children, to the cat—an act that highlights their surrender to a natural predator and sets up the moral point about deception and imprudent submission.