Shloka 8
Devanagari script
खानयामास परिखां केशवस्तत्र भारत । गुप्त्यर्थमपि चादिश्य बल तत्र न्यवेशयत्
Transliteration
vaiśampāyana uvāca |
khānayāmāsa parikhāṃ keśavas tatra bhārata |
gupthyartham api cādiśya balaṃ tatra nyaveśayat ||
Translation
Vaiśampāyana dit : «Ô Bhārata, là même Keśava fit creuser un fossé de défense; et, pour la sûreté encore, il donna ses ordres et posta l’armée en ce lieu».
Word by Word
खानयामासcaused to be dug / had dug
खानयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootखन् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद, परोक्षभूत/परफेक्ट), 3, singular
परिखाम्a trench, moat
परिखाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरिखा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
केशवःKeshava (Krishna)
केशवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
गुप्त्यर्थम्for the purpose of protection/guarding
गुप्त्यर्थम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगुप्ति + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
आदिश्यhaving ordered/commanded
आदिश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दिश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)
बलम्the army/force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
न्यवेशयत्stationed/encamped (caused to settle)
न्यवेशयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + विश् (धातु) / निवेशय (णिच्-प्रयोग)
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), 3, singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaK
Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)B
Bhārata (addressed listener)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even in a righteous cause, leaders must act with foresight: protection, order, and disciplined deployment are ethical duties toward those under one’s care.
Kṛṣṇa (Keśava) arranges practical defenses by having a trench dug and, after issuing instructions, stations the army there to ensure security as preparations for the coming war proceed.