Shloka 83

धान्यहैरण्यभोगेन भोक्तुं राष्ट्रिससज्भत: । सहस्र गाँवका श्रेष्ठ अधिपति एक शाखानगर (कस्बे)-की आय पानेका अधिकारी है। उस कस्बेमें जो अन्न और सुवर्णकी आय हो, उसके द्वारा वह इच्छानुसार उपभोग कर सकता है। उसे राष्ट्रवासियोंक साथ मिलकर रहना चहिये

dhānya-hairaṇya-bhogena bhoktuṁ rāṣṭraiḥ sa saṁbhataḥ | sahasra-grāma-kāḥ śreṣṭhaḥ adhipatiḥ eka-śākhā-nagara-(kasba)-kī āya-pāne ’dhikārī hai | us kasbe meṁ jo anna aura suvarṇa kī āya ho, uske dvārā vaha icchānusāra upabhoga kara sakatā hai | use rāṣṭra-vāsiyoṁ ke sātha milakara rahanā cāhiye ||

Bhishma dit : Un gouverneur éminent—placé à la tête de mille villages—doit avoir droit au revenu d’un seul bourg. Des recettes de ce bourg, en grains et en or, il peut assurer son entretien et jouir de ce qui sied à son rang. Mais il doit vivre en concorde avec les gens du royaume, partager leur vie et demeurer mêlé à eux plutôt que de s’en tenir à l’écart.

धान्यby grain; with grain (income)
धान्य:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधान्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हैरण्यgolden; pertaining to gold
हैरण्य:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootहैरण्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
भोगेनby enjoyment; by means of use/consumption
भोगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भोक्तुम्to enjoy; to consume
भोक्तुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormTumun (infinitive)
राष्ट्रिससज्भतःassociated/connected with the people of the realm
राष्ट्रिससज्भतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootराष्ट्रि-ससज्भत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
R
rāṣṭra (the realm/state)
S
sahasra-grāma-adhipati (chief over a thousand villages)
N
nagara (township)
D
dhānya (grain)
H
hiraṇya/suvarṇa (gold)

Educational Q&A

An official’s material entitlement (revenue in grain and gold) is legitimate when bounded by dharma: it should be tied to a defined jurisdiction and accompanied by social responsibility—living in harmony with the populace rather than exploiting or alienating them.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhishma outlines administrative norms: a chief overseeing a large rural unit (a thousand villages) is assigned the income of a township for maintenance, but is instructed to remain cooperative and integrated with the kingdom’s people.