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Shloka 23

राष्ट्रगुप्ति-संग्रहः

Protection of the Realm and Principles of Revenue & Local Administration

संजातमुपजीवन्‌ स लभते सुमहत्‌ फलम्‌ | इसी प्रकार राष्ट्रका भी अधिक दोहन करनेसे वह दरिद्र हो जाता है; इस कारण वह कोई महान्‌ कर्म नहीं कर पाता। जो राजा स्वयं रक्षामें तत्पर होकर समूचे राष्ट्रपर अनुग्रह करता है और उसकी प्राप्त हुई आयसे अपनी जीविका चलाता है, वह महान्‌ फलका भागी होता है ।।

sañjātam upajīvan sa labhate sumahat phalam | āpad-arthaṃ ca niryāt dhanaṃ tv iha vivardhayet ||

Bhishma dit : «Le roi qui ne vit que de ce qui est obtenu légitimement et se soutient sans exactions oppressives reçoit un fruit très grand. Mais lorsqu’un souverain trait le royaume à l’excès, le pays s’appauvrit ; dès lors, il ne peut accomplir aucune grande entreprise. Le roi qui, lui-même appliqué à la protection, accorde sa faveur à tout le royaume et assure sa subsistance par les revenus qui lui reviennent de droit, participe à un immense mérite. Et, pour les temps de calamité, il doit aussi mettre de côté et accroître des richesses ici-bas, en réserve.»

sañjātamproduced; arisen (wealth/income)
sañjātam:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootsañjāta (√jan)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
upajīvanliving on; subsisting on
upajīvan:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootupajīv (upa+√jīv)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad (saḥ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
labhateobtains
labhate:
TypeVerb
Root√labh
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
su-mahatvery great
su-mahat:
TypeAdjective
Rootsu + mahat
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
phalamfruit; result
phalam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootphala
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
āpada-arthamfor the sake of calamity (i.e., as emergency reserve)
āpada-artham:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootāpada + artha
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
niryātshould send out; should disburse
niryāt:
TypeVerb
Rootnis + √yā
FormImperative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
dhanamwealth; money
dhanam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootdhana
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
tubut
tu:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu
ihahere; in this world/context
iha:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha
vivardhayetshould increase; should augment
vivardhayet:
TypeVerb
Rootvi + √vṛdh
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
K
kingdom/realm (rāṣṭra)
W
wealth/treasury (dhana)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must not exploit the realm through excessive extraction; he should protect and support the people, live on rightful revenue, and maintain an emergency reserve. Ethical governance sustains prosperity and enables great works.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira about sound kingship: overtaxation impoverishes the kingdom, while protection, benevolence, and prudent treasury management bring lasting merit and stability.