Shloka 18

राष्ट्रगुप्ति-संग्रहः

Protection of the Realm and Principles of Revenue & Local Administration

Devanagari script

नोच्छिन्द्यादात्मनो मूलं परेषां चापि तृष्णया

Transliteration

nocchindyād ātmano mūlaṁ pareṣāṁ cāpi tṛṣṇayā

Translation

Bhīṣma dit : «Par convoitise, un roi ne doit pas trancher la racine même de son propre bien—ni celle d’autrui. Qu’une cupidité excessive ne le pousse pas à détruire les soutiens de vie du peuple, tels que l’agriculture et les moyens d’existence. Qu’il ferme les portes de l’avidité et devienne un souverain dont la seule vue réjouit tous les sujets ; car si un maître devient célèbre pour des prélèvements excessifs et l’exploitation, tout le peuple finit par le haïr.»

Word by Word

• {'na': 'not', 'ucchindyāt (√chid)': 'should cut off, destroy, uproot', 'ātmanas': 'of oneself

• one’s own', 'mūlam': 'root

• source of stability', 'pareṣām': 'of others

• of the people/subjects', 'ca api': 'and also', 'tṛṣṇayā': 'by thirst/craving

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• rājā (king)
• prajā (subjects/people)
• kṛṣi (agriculture; implied by ‘kheti-bāṛī’ in the given context)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler must restrain greed and avoid policies that uproot the economic and social foundations of both the kingdom and the people—especially livelihoods like agriculture. Excessive extraction breeds public hatred and undermines the king’s own stability.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on rājadharma (the duties of kings). Here he warns that craving-driven exploitation—such as harming the people’s means of living—destroys the kingdom’s root and turns the populace against the ruler.