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Shloka 25

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

षण्णामेकां पिबेद्‌ धेनुं शताच्च मिथुन हरेत्‌ । लब्धाच्च सप्तमं भागं तथा शृड्गे कलां खुरे

ṣaṇṇām ekāṃ pibed dhenuṃ śatāc ca mithunaṃ haret | labdhāc ca saptamaṃ bhāgaṃ tathā śṛṅge kalāṃ khure ||

Bhishma dit : «Si un homme garde pendant un an six vaches laitières appartenant à autrui, il peut boire le lait d’une vache pour salaire. S’il garde cent vaches, il peut prendre, au terme de l’année, une paire (une vache et un taureau) en rémunération. Si un profit est tiré de la vente du lait et de choses semblables, il doit en prendre un septième comme gage ; de même, du produit de la vente des cornes, il ne prendra qu’un septième. Mais de la vente d’un sabot particulièrement précieux, il ne prendra qu’un seizième. Ainsi le salaire du gardien de troupeau doit-il être fixé selon une juste proportion, sans avidité, en protégeant le bien du maître tout en assurant la subsistance du travailleur.»

षण्णाम्of six
षण्णाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootषट्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
एकाम्one (female)
एकाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पिबेत्should drink
पिबेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
धेनुम्a milch-cow
धेनुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शतात्from a hundred
शतात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मिथुनम्a pair (cow and bull)
मिथुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमिथुन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हरेत्should take
हरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (हरति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
लब्धात्from what is obtained / from the gain
लब्धात्:
Apadana
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सप्तमम्the seventh (part)
सप्तमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भागम्share, portion
भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाlikewise, similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
शृङ्गेin/with the two horns
शृङ्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशृङ्ग
FormNeuter, Locative, Dual
कलाम्a fraction/portion (a sixteenth)
कलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
खुरेin/with the hoof
खुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootखुर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
cow (dhenu)
P
pair of cattle (mithuna)
H
horn (śṛṅga)
H
hoof (khura)

Educational Q&A

Remuneration should be proportionate and regulated: the worker must receive a fair livelihood, but only within clearly defined limits so that service does not become exploitation of the owner’s wealth.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma in the Shanti Parva, he lays down practical norms for wages in cattle-tending—specifying what may be taken as payment from milk, livestock, and by-products—illustrating ethical governance and fair economic conduct.