Shloka 22
Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)
Devanagari script
पितृवत् पालयेद् वैश्यो युक्त: सर्वान् पशूनिह । विकर्म तद् भवेदन्यत् कर्म यत् स समाचरेत्
Translation
Bhishma dit : Le vaishya, assidu et bien disposé, doit élever et garder toutes sortes de bétail comme un père protège ses enfants. Toute autre activité qu’il entreprendrait en dehors de celles-ci serait pour lui « vikarma », une œuvre contraire à son devoir.
Word by Word
पितृवत्like a father
पितृवत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपितृ + वत्
FormAvyaya (comparative adverbial: 'like a father')
पालयेत्should protect / should tend
पालयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
वैश्यःthe Vaishya
वैश्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
युक्तःengaged / disciplined / properly employed
युक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, nominative, singular (past passive participle from √युज्)
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
पशून्animals / cattle
पशून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपशु
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
इहhere (in this world / in this context)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
FormAvyaya
विकर्मwrong action / prohibited act
विकर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकर्मन्
FormNeuter, nominative, singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, nominative, singular
भवेत्would be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormVidhi-lin (optative), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
अन्यत्other (than that)
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, nominative, singular
कर्मaction / work
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, nominative, singular
यत्which / whatever
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular (relative)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
समाचरेत्should practice / should do
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + चर्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes