Shloka 10
Prāyaścitta-vidhāna: Tapas, Dāna, Vrata, and Proportional Expiation (प्रायश्चित्तविधानम्)
अदत्तस्यानुपादानं दानमध्ययनं तप: । अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोध इज्या धर्मस्य लक्षणम्
adattasyānupādānaṁ dānam adhyayanaṁ tapaḥ | ahiṁsā satyam akrodha ijyā dharmasya lakṣaṇam ||
Vyāsa dit : «Ne pas prendre ce qui n’a pas été donné, faire l’aumône, s’appliquer à l’étude et à l’austérité, s’abstenir de nuire à tout être vivant, dire la vérité, abandonner la colère et accomplir le sacrifice rituel (yajña) — tels sont les signes par lesquels on reconnaît le dharma.»
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Dharma is identified through concrete disciplines: do not appropriate what is not given, practice generosity, cultivate learning and austerity, uphold non-violence and truth, restrain anger, and maintain reverent sacrificial worship. Together these form a practical ethical profile of righteous living.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Vyāsa enumerates defining characteristics (lakṣaṇas) of dharma, presenting a concise list of virtues and practices meant to guide conduct after the devastation of war.