Shloka 2
Nāga–Nāgabhāryā Saṃvāda: Varṇa-Dharma, Gṛhastha-Discipline, and Mokṣa-Self-Inquiry
Mahābhārata 12.347
ततस्तं वचन प्राह ज्येष्ठो धर्मात्मज: प्रभु: । क इज्यते द्विजश्रेष्ठ दैवे पित्रये च कल्पिते
tatas taṁ vacanaṁ prāha jyeṣṭho dharmātmajaḥ prabhuḥ | ka ijyate dvijaśreṣṭha daive pitrye ca kalpite ||
Alors l’aîné des fils de Dharma, le seigneur Yudhiṣṭhira, s’adressa à lui : «Ô meilleur des deux-fois-nés, lorsque les rites destinés aux dieux et aux Ancêtres sont accomplis selon la règle, qui est véritablement adoré par ces actes ? Dis-le-moi conformément au śāstra. Quel rite entreprends-tu, et quel fruit en attends-tu ?»
वैशमग्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a dharma-inquiry: ritual acts for gods and ancestors are not merely mechanical; one must understand, as śāstra teaches, who is truly honored through them and what intended fruit (phala) is sought. It emphasizes informed, ethically grounded performance of duty.
In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a learned Brahmin (or teacher-figure) and asks a precise doctrinal question about daiva and pitṛ rites—who receives worship through them, what rite is being performed, and what result is aimed at.