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Shloka 58

Saṃhāra-krama (The Sequence of Cosmic Dissolution) — Yājñavalkya’s Discourse

परं हि तद्‌ ब्रह्म महन्महात्मन्‌ ब्रह्माणमीशं वरदं च विष्णुम्‌ भवं च धर्म च षडाननं च यद्‌ ब्रह्मपुत्रांश्व महानुभावान्‌

paraṁ hi tad brahma mahan-mahātman brahmāṇam īśaṁ varadaṁ ca viṣṇum bhavaṁ ca dharmaṁ ca ṣaḍānanaṁ ca yad brahma-putrāṁś ca mahānubhāvān

Bhīṣma dit : «Ô grande âme, ce Brahman suprême est véritablement le plus haut. Par la puissance du yoga, un sage accompli peut, s’il le veut, obtenir sur-le-champ la délivrance et réaliser la nature du Suprême. Ou bien, par cette même maîtrise yogique, il peut atteindre et entrer dans la présence de puissances divines sublimes : Brahmā le Seigneur, Viṣṇu le dispensateur de grâces, Bhava (Śiva), Dharma et Ṣaḍānana (Kārttikeya), ainsi que les illustres fils nés de l’esprit de Brahmā, tels les Sanaka. Mais l’enseignement insiste : l’accomplissement véritable n’est pas une parade de pouvoirs ; le but suprême est la libération en Brahman, et les autres acquisitions ne sont que des possibilités secondaires au sein de la discipline morale du yoga.»

परम्supreme
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मBrahman (the Absolute)
ब्रह्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
महात्मन्O great-souled one
महात्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ब्रह्माणम्Brahmā
ब्रह्माणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ईशम्the Lord
ईशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootईश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वरदम्boon-giving
वरदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवरद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विष्णुम्Viṣṇu
विष्णुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भवम्Bhava (Śiva)
भवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मम्Dharma (the deity/principle)
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
षडाननम्the six-faced one (Kārttikeya/Skanda)
षडाननम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootषडानन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्which/that
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मपुत्रान्sons of Brahmā
ब्रह्मपुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महानुभावान्great/glorious beings
महानुभावान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहानुभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Brahman (Supreme Brahman)
B
Brahmā
V
Viṣṇu
B
Bhava (Śiva)
D
Dharma (deity/personification)
Ṣaḍānana (Kārttikeya/Skanda)
B
Brahmā’s sons (Sanaka and related sages)

Educational Q&A

The verse places liberation in Brahman as the highest goal; yogic powers may grant access to divine realms and beings, but these are secondary to mokṣa and should be governed by dharma and disciplined yoga.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs on spiritual and ethical principles; here he describes the capacities of a yoga-perfected person—either attaining immediate liberation or, if he chooses, approaching and entering the spheres of major deities and exalted sages.