Shloka 51
योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः
Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction
Devanagari script
सभासदां च वृद्धानां सतां कथयतां कथा: । प्राहसन्नभ्यसूयंश्न सर्ववृद्धान् गुणावरा:
Translation
Lorsque, dans l’assemblée, les conseillers et les anciens vertueux, assis, échangent leurs récits, les asura dépourvus de qualités se moquent, cherchent des fautes et tournent en dérision tous les vieillards.
Word by Word
सभासदाम्of the assembly-members
सभासदाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसभासद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
वृद्धानाम्of the elders
वृद्धानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सताम्of the good/virtuous people
सताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कथयताम्of those speaking/telling
कथयताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootकथय्
FormLat, Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Active, Shatru-participle used as genitive plural (kathayatām = 'of those who are speaking')
कथाःtalks/words/stories
कथाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकथा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रहसन्laughing
प्रहसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रहस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Shatru (present active participle)
अभ्यसूयन्carping at/finding fault
अभ्यसूयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभ्यसूय्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Shatru (present active participle)
सर्ववृद्धान्all the elders
सर्ववृद्धान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्ववृद्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गुणावराःinferior in virtues/without merit
गुणावराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणावर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
शक्र उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes