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Shloka 5

Doṣa-Parīkṣā and Guṇa-Viveka

Examination of Faults and Discernment of the Guṇas

न जानपदिकं दुःखमेक: शोचितुमहति । अशोचन्‌ प्रतिकुर्वीत यदि पश्येदुपक्रमम्‌,जो दुःख सारे देशपर है, उसके लिये किसी एक व्यक्तिको शोक नहीं करना चाहिये। यदि उसे टालनेका कोई उपाय दिखायी दे तो शोक न करके उस दुःखके निवारणका प्रयत्न करना चाहिये

na jānapadikaṁ duḥkham ekaḥ śocitum arhati | aśocan pratikurvīta yadi paśyed upakramam ||

Quand la souffrance s’abat sur tout un royaume, nul ne doit se lamenter comme si elle n’était que la sienne. Si l’on voit un moyen concret d’y faire face, qu’on renonce aux plaintes et qu’on s’emploie à dissiper cette détresse.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जानपदिकम्pertaining to the whole country/people (public)
जानपदिकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजानपदिक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दुःखम्sorrow, suffering
दुःखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एकःone person (alone)
एकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शोचितुम्to grieve
शोचितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हतिis fit/ought
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अशोचन्not grieving (while not grieving)
अशोचन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिकुर्वीतshould counteract/remedy
प्रतिकुर्वीत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + कृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
पश्येत्should see/find
पश्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उपक्रमम्means/measure/expedient (a course of action)
उपक्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपक्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Grief is unhelpful when suffering is collective; if a remedy is available, one should replace lamentation with purposeful action to alleviate the harm.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs the listener on dharma and governance; here he counsels a ruler-like mindset: recognize public calamity as a shared burden and respond with calm, remedial effort rather than personal despair.