Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 41

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

तेभ्य: प्रयच्छ दानानि ये प्रवृत्ता नराधिप । अहं न प्रतिगृह्नामि किमिष्टं कि ददामि ते | ब्रृहि त्वं नृपतिश्रेष्ठ तपसा साधयामि किम्‌,नरेश्वर! आप जन ब्राह्मणोंको दान दीजिये, जो प्रवृत्तिमार्गमें हों। मैं आपसे दान नहीं लूँगा। नृपश्रेष्ठी इस समय आपको क्‍या अभीष्ट है? मैं आपको क्‍या दूँ? बताइये, मैं अपनी तपस्याद्वारा आपका कौन-सा कार्य सिद्ध करूँ?

tebhyaḥ prayaccha dānāni ye pravṛttā narādhipa | ahaṃ na pratigṛhṇāmi kim iṣṭaṃ kiṃ dadāmi te | brūhi tvaṃ nṛpatiśreṣṭha tapasā sādhayāmi kim, nareśvara ||

Le brahmane dit : «Accorde tes dons à ceux qui sont engagés sur la voie de la vie mondaine, ô seigneur des hommes. Je n’accepterai pas d’aumône de ta part. Ô meilleur des rois, que désires-tu en cet instant ? Que dois-je t’accorder ? Dis-le-moi, ô souverain : quelle tâche dois-je accomplir pour toi par la puissance de mon austérité (tapas) ?»

तेभ्यःto them
तेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, dative, plural
प्रयच्छgive (bestow)
प्रयच्छ:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-यम्
Formimperative, 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
दानानिgifts, donations
दानानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
Formneuter, accusative, plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
प्रवृत्ताःengaged (in worldly activity)
प्रवृत्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृत्त
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formcommon, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रतिगृह्णामिI accept (receive)
प्रतिगृह्णामि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-ग्रह्
Formpresent indicative, 1st, singular, parasmaipada
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
इष्टम्desired, wished-for
इष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्ट
Formneuter, accusative, singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ददामिI give
ददामि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formpresent indicative, 1st, singular, parasmaipada
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formcommon, dative, singular
ब्रूहिtell (say)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formimperative, 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formcommon, nominative, singular
नृपतिश्रेष्ठO best of kings
नृपतिश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootनृपतिश्रेष्ठ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
साधयामिI accomplish, I bring about
साधयामि:
TypeVerb
Rootसाध्
Formpresent indicative (causative), 1st, singular, parasmaipada
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
नरेश्वरO lord of men (king)
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (a Brahmin ascetic/speaker)
नराधिप / नृपति / नरेश्वर (a king addressed)

Educational Q&A

Charity should be directed appropriately: the Brahmin, aligned with renunciation, declines material gifts and instead offers the fruit of austerity. The verse contrasts pravṛtti (worldly engagement) with a renunciant ethic, suggesting that spiritual power and self-restraint can serve others without attachment to possessions.

A Brahmin addresses a king and instructs him to give donations to those living the active, worldly life. He refuses to accept the king’s gift himself and asks what the king truly seeks, offering to fulfill the king’s purpose through his tapas (ascetic merit) rather than through material exchange.