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Shloka 3

Ajagara-vrata (The ‘Python’ Discipline): Prahrāda Questions a Wandering Sage

ब्रह्मवर्चसहीनस्य स्वाध्यायोपरतस्य च । गोत्रमात्रविदो राजा निवासं समपृच्छत,तब ब्राह्मणोचित तेजसे हीन, स्वाध्यायसे उपरत, केवल गोत्र अथवा जातिका नाम जाननेवाले उस ब्राह्मणसे राजाने उसका निवासस्थान पूछा

brahmavarcasahīnasya svādhyāyoparatasya ca | gotramātravido rājā nivāsaṃ samapṛcchata ||

Bhīṣma dit : Le roi s’enquit de la demeure d’un brahmane dépourvu de l’éclat né du savoir sacré, ayant cessé l’étude védique et ne connaissant que le nom de son lignage. La scène souligne que l’identification par la seule naissance, sans discipline ni apprentissage, n’est qu’un titre creux, et que la vraie valeur brahmanique se mesure à la conduite, à l’étude et à la lumière intérieure, non au gotra seul.

ब्रह्मवर्चसहीनस्यof one devoid of brahmic lustre
ब्रह्मवर्चसहीनस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मवर्चस-हीन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
स्वाध्यायोपरतस्यof one who has ceased from self-study
स्वाध्यायोपरतस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाध्याय-उपरत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गोत्रमात्रविदःfrom one who knows only the gotra (lineage) name
गोत्रमात्रविदः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगोत्र-मात्र-विद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निवासम्dwelling-place, residence
निवासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिवास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समपृच्छत्asked, inquired
समपृच्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्रच्छ्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (the king)
B
brāhmaṇa (a Brahmin)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts genuine Brahminical excellence—marked by svādhyāya and brahma-varcasa—with mere nominal identity based on gotra. It implies that ethical and spiritual authority depends on disciplined learning and conduct, not on lineage-name alone.

In Bhīṣma’s discourse, a king encounters (or is dealing with) a Brahmin who has abandoned Vedic study and lacks the customary spiritual lustre; the king then asks him where he resides, setting up a broader reflection on true merit and the decline of dharmic standards.