Shloka 9
Śānti-parva 168: Śoka-nivṛtti-buddhi (The Cognition that Reduces Grief) and Piṅgalā’s Nairāśya
Devanagari script
तस्माद् धर्मप्रधानेन भवितव्यं यतात्मना । तथा च सर्वभूतेषु वर्तितव्यं यथात्मनि
Translation
Ainsi, celui qui se maîtrise doit faire du dharma son but souverain. Et envers tous les êtres, qu’il se conduise comme il voudrait qu’on se conduise envers lui-même.
Word by Word
तस्मात्therefore; from that reason
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
धर्म-प्रधानेनwith dharma as the chief (aim)
धर्म-प्रधानेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मप्रधान
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
भवितव्यम्must be; should be (done)
भवितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formfuture (gerundive/necessitative), singular, passive/impersonal, gerundive (-तव्यत्)
यत-आत्मनाby one who is self-controlled
यत-आत्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootयतात्मन्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सर्व-भूतेषुamong/in all beings
सर्व-भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
Formneuter, locative, plural
वर्तितव्यम्must behave; should conduct oneself
वर्तितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formfuture (gerundive/necessitative), singular, passive/impersonal, gerundive (-तव्यत्)
यथाas; in the manner that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
आत्मनिin oneself; for oneself
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formmasculine, locative, singular
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes