Shloka 1
बक-गौतमाख्यानम् / The Baka–Gautama Account
On Gratitude and Friendship Ethics
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Vaiśampāyana uvāca: kathāntaram athāsādya khaḍga-yuddha-viśāradaḥ | Nakulaḥ śara-talpa-stham idam āha pitāmaham ||
Vaiśampāyana dit : « Ô Janamejaya, lorsque l’épisode précédent eut pris fin et qu’une ouverture se présenta, Nakula—très versé dans le combat à l’épée—s’adressa au grand-père Bhīṣma, étendu sur le lit de flèches, et l’interrogea ainsi. »
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse sets up a dharma-instruction scene: a warrior (Nakula), skilled in swordsmanship, seeks guidance from the venerable Bhīṣma at the end of the war. The ethical emphasis is on receiving martial knowledge and its proper use through authoritative, dharma-grounded counsel rather than mere prowess.
As the narration transitions to a new topic, Nakula takes the opportunity to address Bhīṣma, who lies on the śara-talpa. This introduces the forthcoming discourse (in this chapter’s framing) connected with the sword and the tradition/importance of sword-combat.