Shloka 16
Adhyāya 164: Gautama as Guest; Kaśyapa’s Satkāra and the Fourfold Arthagati; Journey to Virūpākṣa
Devanagari script
कुलाज्ज्ञानात् तथैश्वर्यान्मदो भवति देहिनाम् | एभिरेव तु विज्ञातै: स च सद्यः प्रणश्यति
Translation
De l’orgueil tiré d’une haute lignée, d’un savoir éminent et de la puissance et des richesses, naît chez les êtres incarnés le mada, l’ivresse de l’arrogance. Mais dès que l’on en connaît la nature véritable, cette ivresse s’évanouit aussitôt.
Word by Word
कुलात्from (one's) family/lineage
कुलात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
ज्ञानात्from knowledge
ज्ञानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
ऐश्वर्यात्from power/wealth/sovereignty
ऐश्वर्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootऐश्वर्य
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
मदःpride/intoxication (of arrogance)
मदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिarises/comes to be
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
देहिनाम्of embodied beings/men
देहिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
एभिःby these (things)
एभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तुbut/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
विज्ञातैःwhen known/understood
विज्ञातैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
सःthat (pride)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः
प्रणश्यतिperishes/is destroyed
प्रणश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes