Shloka 123
Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications
नित्यं गम्भीरतोयाभिरापगाभिरिवोदधि: । कुरुश्रेष्ठ! मनुष्य जन्मकालमें
nityaṁ gambhīratoyābhir āpagābhir ivodadhiḥ | kuruśreṣṭha! manuṣya-janma-kāle bālyāvasthāyāṁ tathā kaumāra-yauvanāvasthāyāṁ ca yena kāraṇena svāni duṣkarmāṇi parityaktuṁ na śaknuvanti, yo manuṣyasya vṛddha-bhāve ’pi jīrṇo na bhavati, sa eva lobhaḥ | yathā gambhīra-toyā bahvyo nadyaḥ saṅgatā api samudraṁ na pūrayanti, tathā katividha-padārtha-lābhe ’pi lobhasya udaraṁ kadācana na pūryate ||
Bhishma dit : «Ô le meilleur des Kuru, ce qui empêche l’homme d’abandonner ses mauvaises actions—à la naissance, dans l’enfance, puis encore à l’adolescence et dans la jeunesse—et ce qui ne vieillit pas même lorsque l’homme devient âgé, c’est la seule avidité. De même que l’océan ne se remplit pas quand bien même de nombreux fleuves profonds s’y déversent, ainsi, quelles que soient les acquisitions de biens du monde, le ventre de l’avidité n’est jamais rassasié.»
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Greed (lobha) is insatiable and ageless: it persists from childhood to old age, prevents one from giving up wrongdoing, and cannot be satisfied by accumulating more possessions—like the ocean that never becomes full despite many rivers.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma addresses Yudhishthira (as ‘best of the Kurus’) and uses a vivid natural simile—rivers flowing into the ocean—to explain why craving for gain does not end and why it fuels continued unethical action.