Shloka 30
Daṇḍa as the Foundation of Social Order (दण्डप्रतिष्ठा)
Devanagari script
दण्डश्नेन्न भवेललोके विनश्येयुरिमा: प्रजा: । जले मत्स्यानिवाभक्ष्यन् दुर्बलान्ू बलवत्तरा:
Translation
Si, dans le monde, il n’y avait pas daṇḍa, le pouvoir du châtiment, tout ce peuple périrait ; et, comme dans l’eau les gros poissons dévorent les petits, ainsi les forts feraient des faibles leur pâture.
Word by Word
दण्डःpunishment/rod (authority of punishment)
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
भवेत्would be / were to exist
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विनश्येयुःwould perish
विनश्येयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इमाःthese
इमाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रजाःcreatures/subjects
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
जलेin water
जले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
मत्स्यान्fish
मत्स्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अभक्ष्यन्devouring/eating
अभक्ष्यन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभक्ष्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
दुर्बलान्the weak
दुर्बलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्बल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बलवत्तराःthe stronger
बलवत्तराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormComparative, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
अजुन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes