Shloka 10
Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa
The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa
मृजावान् स्यात् स्वयूथ्येषु भौमानि चरणै: क्षिपेत् । जातपक्ष: परिस्पन्देत् प्रेक्षेद् वैकल्यमात्मन:
bhīṣma uvāca | mṛjāvān syāt svayūthyeṣu bhaumāni caraṇaiḥ kṣipet | jātapakṣaḥ parispandet prekṣed vaikalyaṃ ātmanaḥ |
Bhīṣma dit : Le roi doit être d’une probité scrupuleuse et d’une conduite irréprochable envers ceux de son propre camp. Sur le territoire ennemi, qu’il ruine les récoltes en les faisant piétiner par ses chevaux et ses bœufs. Ce n’est que lorsque son parti s’est affermi qu’il doit se porter contre l’adversaire, et qu’il s’examine sans cesse pour discerner où et comment il est vulnérable.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma advises a dual discipline of kingship: ethical purity and fairness toward one’s own people, combined with hard-nosed strategy against enemies—acting only after consolidating strength and continuously auditing one’s own weaknesses.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma lays out practical counsel for a ruler: maintain clean conduct within one’s camp, weaken the enemy materially by damaging their agricultural base, and launch offensives only when one’s own side is strong, while keeping vigilant self-scrutiny.