Shloka 17
Gaṇānāṃ Vṛttiḥ — On the Sustenance and Cohesion of Assemblies
Gaṇa-nīti
Devanagari script
धर्मिष्ठान् व्यवहारां श्व स्थापयन्तश्न शास्त्रत: । यथावत् प्रतिपश्यन्तो विवर्धन्ते गणोत्तमा:
Translation
Les meilleurs citoyens de la république établissent, selon les śāstra, des usages conformes au dharma. Voyant toute chose avec le regard juste, ils avancent sans cesse vers la croissance.
Word by Word
धर्मिष्ठान्most righteous
धर्मिष्ठान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मिष्ठ (धर्म + इष्ठ)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
व्यवहारान्practices/transactions (conduct)
व्यवहारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवहार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
श्वःtomorrow / in the future
श्वः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्वः
स्थापयन्तःestablishing
स्थापयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु) → स्थापयत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)
शास्त्रतःaccording to scripture / by the authority of treatises
शास्त्रतः:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशास्त्र
Formablatival adverb (तसिल्)
यथावत्properly, duly
यथावत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत्
प्रतिपश्यन्तःobserving/looking at (carefully)
प्रतिपश्यन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपश् (धातु) + प्रति → प्रतिपश्यत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)
विवर्धन्तेthey prosper/increase
विवर्धन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवृध् (धातु) → विवर्धते
FormPresent (Lat), Ātmanepada, Third, Plural
गणोत्तमाःthe best among the groups / excellent citizens
गणोत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगणोत्तम (गण + उत्तम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes