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Shloka 11

Nīti-upadeśa to a Rājaputra: Self-restraint, Alliances, and Rival-Management (नीतिउपदेशः)

परैर्वा संविदं कृत्वा बलमप्यस्य घातय

parair vā saṃvidaṃ kṛtvā balam apy asya ghātaya | athavā śatrūn śubhair alabhyaiś ca dravyaiḥ strībhiḥ śayanāsanavāhanaiḥ bahumūlyagṛhair nānārasagandhaphalaiś ca āsaktān kurv iti | nānāpakṣiṇāṃ vividhajātīyapaśūnāṃ ca pālane āsaktiṃ tasya manasi janaya, yena sa śanaiḥ śanaiḥ dhanahīnaḥ san svata eva naśyet ||

Bhīṣma dit : «Ou bien conclus une entente avec d’autres et fais-les abattre jusqu’à la force de l’ennemi ; ou bien, en t’alliant à eux, obtiens que sa puissance soit détruite par leur intermédiaire. Prince, enchaîne l’adversaire à ces biens séduisants et difficiles à obtenir : femmes, beaux vêtements pour se couvrir et pour la couche, lits excellents, sièges, véhicules, demeures coûteuses, et mille saveurs, parfums et fruits. Éveille aussi en son esprit le goût d’élever quantité d’oiseaux et d’animaux de races diverses, afin que, peu à peu, il soit vidé de sa richesse et périsse de lui-même.»

परैःby others
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
संविदम्agreement, pact
संविदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंविद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
बलम्strength, army
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अस्यof him/this (enemy)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
घातयcause to be slain/destroy
घातय:
TypeVerb
Rootघातय (णिच् of हन्)
Formलोट् (imperative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

भीष्म (Bhīṣma)
राजकुमार (prince; addressee)
शत्रु (enemy)
परैः (allies/others)
स्त्री (women)
वस्त्र (garments)
शयन (beds)
आसन (seats)
वाहन (vehicles)
गृह (costly houses)
रस (tastes)
गन्ध (fragrances)
फल (fruits)
पक्षी (birds)
पशु (animals)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches pragmatic rāja-nīti: weaken an adversary either through alliances that neutralize his power directly, or by inducing costly attachments to luxury and indulgence so that he becomes financially exhausted and collapses from within.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhishma addresses a prince and outlines a strategy for dealing with enemies: coordinate with other powers to diminish the enemy’s strength, and/or distract the enemy with pleasures and expensive pursuits (comforts, sensual enjoyments, and maintaining birds and animals) until his resources are depleted.