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Shloka 18

Jaitrya-nimitta: Signs of Prospective Victory and the Priority of Conciliation (जयलक्षण-निमित्त तथा सान्त्व-प्रधान नीति)

अपामिव महावेगस्त्रस्ता इव महामृगा: । दुर्निवार्यतमा चैव प्रभग्ना महती चमू:,यदि विशाल सेनामें भगदड़ मच जाती है तो उसे जलके महान्‌ वेगके समान तथा भयभीत हुए महामृगोंके समान रोकना अत्यन्त कठिन हो जाता है

apām iva mahāvegas trastā iva mahāmṛgāḥ | durnivāryatamā caiva prabhagnā mahatī camūḥ ||

Bhishma dit : «Quand une immense armée se disloque et se retourne dans la panique, il devient presque impossible de la contenir—comme des eaux qui se ruent avec une force immense, comme de puissantes bêtes terrifiées qui s’enfuient en débandade.»

अपाम्of waters
अपाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महावेगःa great rush/strong current
महावेगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहावेग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रस्ताःfrightened
त्रस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महामृगाःgreat wild beasts
महामृगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहामृग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दुर्निवार्यतमाःmost difficult to restrain
दुर्निवार्यतमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्निवार्यतम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रभग्नाbroken/disordered (routed)
प्रभग्ना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-भञ्ज्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
महतीgreat/large
महती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चमूःarmy/host
चमूः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचमू
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
camū (army)
A
ap (waters)
M
mahāmṛga (great beasts)

Educational Q&A

Once collective fear spreads and an army’s formation and morale collapse, control becomes extremely hard; therefore a leader must prevent panic early through discipline, clear command, and steadiness.

In Bhishma’s instruction, he uses vivid similes—floodwaters and terrified large animals—to explain how a routed, stampeding host becomes nearly unmanageable, emphasizing the practical realities of war and governance.