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Shloka 31

उपायधर्म-सेनायोगः

Upāya-dharma and Senāyoga: Expedient Ethics & Army Deployment

दशाधिपतय: कार्या: शताधिपतयस्तथा । ततः सहस्राधिपतिं कुर्याच्छूरमतन्द्रितम्‌

daśādhipatayaḥ kāryāḥ śatādhipatayas tathā | tataḥ sahasrādhipatiṁ kuryāc chūram atandritam ||

Bhishma dit : « Établis des chefs sur des groupes de dix, et de même des chefs sur des groupes de cent. Ensuite, place un héros vaillant et vigilant, sans paresse, comme commandant sur mille. » Dans ce conseil de gouvernement et de protection, l’organisation militaire disciplinée est présentée comme un devoir dharmique du souverain : garantir l’ordre, la responsabilité et la préparation, plutôt que le chaos ou la négligence.

दशाधिपतयःcommanders of ten
दशाधिपतयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदशाधिपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कार्याःshould be appointed/made
कार्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (करणे)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शताधिपतयःcommanders of a hundred
शताधिपतयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशताधिपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सहस्राधिपतिम्a commander of a thousand
सहस्राधिपतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्राधिपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कुर्यात्should make/appoint
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करणे)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शूरम्a brave man
शूरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अतन्द्रितम्untiring/vigilant
अतन्द्रितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअतन्द्रित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

A ruler should establish clear, tiered command—leaders over tens, hundreds, and thousands—choosing brave and vigilant officers, so that protection of the realm is carried out with discipline and accountability as a duty of dharma.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma is advising the king on practical statecraft: how to structure the army by appointing commanders at different levels, culminating in a thousand-commander who is courageous and free from negligence.