Book 10, Adhyāya 12: Aśvatthāmā’s Request for the Cakra and the Brahmaśiras Context
यः साक्षाद् देवदेवेशं शितिकण्ठमुमापतिम् । बन्द्धयुद्धे पराजिष्णुस्तोषयामास शड्करम्
yaḥ sākṣād devadeveśaṃ śitikaṇṭham umāpatim | baddhayuddhe parājiṣṇus toṣayāmāsa śaṅkaram ||
Vaiśampāyana dit : Celui qui, bien que dans un combat lié et réglé il pût être vaincu, sut plaire directement à Śaṅkara—Śiva, Seigneur des dieux, à la gorge bleue, époux d’Umā. Le vers souligne que, même dans l’arène âpre de la guerre, la révérence et la dévotion envers le divin peuvent obtenir une grâce au-delà de la seule réussite guerrière.
वैशम्पायन उवाच
The verse highlights that divine favor is not secured by victory alone; humility and sincere devotion can please the supreme even when one stands at a disadvantage. It frames ethical power as rooted in reverence and inner disposition, not merely force.
Vaiśampāyana describes a figure who, in the context of a constrained or formalized combat (baddha-yuddha), was likely to be defeated yet nevertheless succeeded in propitiating Śiva—named here with epithets emphasizing his supremacy and his identity as Umā’s consort.