Shloka 47
पुनर्द्यूत-समाह्वानम्
Renewed Summons to the Dice-Game and Exile Wager
भीष्म उवाच न धर्मसौक्ष्म्यात् सुभगे विवेक्तु शवनोमि ते प्रश्नमिम॑ यथावत् । अस्वाम्यशक्त: पणितुं परस्वं स्त्रियाश्व भर्तुर्वशतां समीक्ष्य
bhīṣma uvāca | na dharmasaukṣmyāt subhage vivektuṃ śaknomi te praśnam imaṃ yathāvat | asvāmy-aśaktaḥ paṇituṃ parasvaṃ striyāś ca bhartur vaśatāṃ samīkṣya ||
Bhīṣma dit : «Ô dame fortunée, la nature véritable du dharma est d’une subtilité extrême ; je ne puis donc examiner ta question avec justesse et dans toute son étendue. Celui qui n’est pas le maître légitime n’a pas autorité pour mettre en gage le bien d’autrui ; et pourtant, selon la tradition, la femme est tenue pour placée sous la puissance de son époux. Considérant ces principes contraires, je ne puis rendre un jugement définitif.»
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Dharma can be so subtle that even a wise elder hesitates to issue a clear verdict when principles conflict—here, the rule that only an owner may wager property versus the social-legal assumption of a पत्नी being under her husband’s authority.
Bhishma responds to a woman’s pointed question arising from the dice-game context: whether someone lacking rightful ownership can stake another person/wealth. He acknowledges the general prohibition, but notes the prevailing view of a wife’s dependence on her husband, and therefore refrains from a decisive judgment.