Shloka 18

कर्णस्य सेनापत्यं, माकरव्यूहः, पाण्डवानामर्धचन्द्रव्यूहः

Karna’s Command; Mākara Formation; Pandava Crescent Counter-Array

Devanagari script

हाथमें ढाल-तलवार लिये हुए आपके वीर पुत्र सुषेण और सत्यसेन मनमें हर्ष और उत्साह लिये समरमें जूझनेकी इच्छा रखकर चित्रसेनके साथ खड़े हैं ।।

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

hastēmeṃ ḍhāla-talavāra liye hue āpake vīra putra suṣeṇa aura satyasena manameṃ harṣa aura utsāha liye samareṃ jūjhane kī icchā rakhakara citrasenake sātha khaṛe haiṃ ||

hlīniṣevo bhārata rājaputra ugrāyudhaḥ kṣaṇabhojī sudarśaḥ |

jārāsaṃdhiḥ prathamaśnā dṛḍhaśnā citrāyudhaḥ śrutavarmā jayaśvalaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya dit : Tes vaillants fils, Sushena et Satyasena, tenant bouclier et épée, se tiennent auprès de Chitrasena ; le cœur rempli de joie et d’ardeur, ils brûlent de se mesurer au combat. Avec eux se trouvent d’autres guerriers royaux de la lignée de Bharata—Hlīniseva, Ugrāyudha, Kṣaṇabhojī, Sudarśa, Jārāsaṃdhi, Prathamaśnā, Dṛḍhaśnā, Citrāyudha, Śrutavarmā et Jayaśvala—rangés et prêts à l’affrontement.

Word by Word

• ह्लीनिषेवः: Hlīniṣeva (proper name)
• ह्लीनिषेवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ह्लीनिषेव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भारत: O Bhārata
• भारत: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• राजपुत्रः: prince (king's son)
• राजपुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उग्रायुधः: fierce-weaponed
• उग्रायुधः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्रायुध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्षणभोजी: one who eats quickly / moment-eater (epithet)
• क्षणभोजी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षणभोजिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुदर्शः: Sudarśa (proper name)
• सुदर्शः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुदर्श (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जारासंधिः: Jārāsandhi (proper name/epithet related to Jarāsandha)
• जारासंधिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जारासंधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रथमश्नात्: from/after first eating (as read; text uncertain)
• प्रथमश्नात्: Apadana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथमश्नात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• दृढश्न: firm-eating / strong-biting (as read; text uncertain)
• दृढश्न: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृढश्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• चित्रायुधः: Citrāyudha (proper name; 'varied-weaponed')
• चित्रायुधः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्रायुध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्रुतवर्मा: Śrutavarman (proper name)
• श्रुतवर्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रुतवर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जयश्वलः: Jayaśvala (proper name; 'blazing with victory')
• जयश्वलः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जयश्वल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Sushena
• Satyasena
• Chitrasena
• Hlīniseva
• Ugrāyudha
• Kṣaṇabhojī
• Sudarśa
• Jārāsaṃdhi
• Prathamaśnā
• Dṛḍhaśnā
• Citrāyudha
• Śrutavarmā
• Jayaśvala
• shield
• sword
• battlefield (samara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how martial joy and zeal can surge in war, drawing many princes into violence. Implicitly, it invites reflection on kṣatriya-dharma: courage and readiness are praised, yet the accumulating human cost and moral gravity of battle remain ever-present.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra that Dhritarashtra’s sons (notably Sushena and Satyasena) and allied princes are standing armed with shield and sword, eager to fight, positioned together with Chitrasena and other named warriors.