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Shloka 23

कर्णेन सैन्यस्थापनं तथा नानायुद्धसमवायः

Karna Reforms the Host and Multiple Duels Converge

क्षत्रियस्य मल भैक्ष्यं ब्राह्मणस्याश्रुतं मलम्‌ मलं॑ पृथिव्यां वाहीका: स्त्रीणां मद्रस्त्रियो मलम्‌,'क्षत्रियका मल है भिक्षावृत्ति, ब्राह्मणका मल है वेद-शास्त्रोंके विपरीत आचरण, पृथ्वीके मल हैं बाहीक और स्त्रियोंके मल हैं मद्रदेशकी स्त्रियाँ"

kṣatriyasya malaṃ bhaikṣyaṃ brāhmaṇasyāśrutaṃ malam | malaṃ pṛthivyāṃ vāhīkāḥ strīṇāṃ madrastriyo malam ||

Karna dit : «Pour un kṣatriya, la souillure (mala) est de vivre d’aumônes ; pour un brahmane, la souillure est une conduite contraire à ce qui est entendu dans les Veda et l’enseignement sacré. La souillure de la terre, ce sont les Vāhīka ; et la souillure parmi les femmes, ce sont les femmes de Madra.»

क्षत्रियस्यof a Kshatriya
क्षत्रियस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मलम्impurity; disgrace
मलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भैक्ष्यम्begging; living by alms
भैक्ष्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभैक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणस्यof a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अश्रुतम्unheard (of); unlearned; contrary to what is heard (i.e., Veda)
अश्रुतम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootअश्रुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मलम्impurity; disgrace
मलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मलम्impurity; disgrace
मलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पृथिव्याम्on the earth
पृथिव्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
वाहीकाःthe Vahikas (a people/tribe)
वाहीकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाहीक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्त्रीणाम्of women
स्त्रीणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
मद्रस्त्रियःMadra women (women of Madra country)
मद्रस्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्र-स्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
मलम्impurity; disgrace
मलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
K
Kshatriya
B
Brahmin
V
Vāhīkas
M
Madra
M
Madra women
E
Earth (Pṛthivī)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts that each social role has a defining dharma, and the deepest ‘stain’ is what most contradicts that role: a kshatriya abandoning self-reliant warrior duty for alms, and a brahmin acting against śruti-based discipline. However, the latter half shifts from ethical principle to wartime invective, showing how moral language can be used as a weapon to shame groups and opponents.

In the Karna Parva’s battle context, Karna is speaking in a confrontational tone. He delivers a biting list of ‘disgraces’ to demean certain peoples and, by implication, those associated with them—reflecting the escalating hostility and rhetorical aggression typical of the war books.