Shloka 23

अहो बत महद्‌ दु:खं यत्र पाण्डुसुतान्‌ रणे । नातरद्‌ रभस: कर्णो दैवं नूनं परायणम्‌,अहो! यह महान्‌ दुःखकी बात है कि वेगशाली वीर कर्ण भी रणभूमिमें पाण्डवोंसे पार न पा सका। अवश्य दैव ही सबका परम आश्रय है

aho bata mahad duḥkhaṃ yatra pāṇḍusutān raṇe | nātarad rabhasaḥ karṇo daivaṃ nūnaṃ parāyaṇam ||

Sañjaya dit : «Hélas — quelle immense douleur : sur le champ de bataille, même l’impétueux héros Karṇa n’a pu percer à travers les fils de Pāṇḍu. Assurément, c’est le daiva (le destin) qui demeure le dernier refuge et la puissance décisive pour tous.»

अहोalas!/oh!
अहो:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो
बतindeed/surely (emphatic particle)
बत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबत
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दुःखम्sorrow, grief
दुःखम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
पाण्डु-सुतान्the sons of Pandu (Pandavas)
पाण्डु-सुतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतरत्crossed, passed over
अतरत्:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormAorist (simple aorist), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रभसःimpetuous, swift, vehement
रभसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरभस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दैवम्fate, divine dispensation
दैवम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नूनम्surely, indeed
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
परायणम्supreme refuge, ultimate resort
परायणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपरायण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
P
Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

Even extraordinary valor and effort may fail when opposed by daiva (providence); the verse highlights the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between human agency and an overarching destiny that shapes outcomes.

Sañjaya laments to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Karṇa, despite his fierce momentum, could not ‘cross over’ or break through the Pāṇḍavas in battle, interpreting this reversal as evidence that fate ultimately governs victory and defeat.