Shloka 2
द्रोणसेनापत्यं, व्यूहविन्यासः, उत्पातदर्शनं, आरम्भयुद्धम्
Droṇa’s Command, Battle-Formations, Omens, and Opening Engagement
दुर्योधन उवाच वर्णश्रैष्ठयात् कुलोत्पत्त्या श्रुतेन वयसा धिया । वीर्याद् दाक्ष्यादधृष्यत्वादर्थज्ञानान्नयाज्जयात्
duryodhana uvāca varṇaśraiṣṭhyāt kulotpattayā śrutena vayasā dhiyā | vīryād dākṣyād adhṛṣyatvād arthajñānān nayāj jayāt ||
Duryodhana dit : « Par l’excellence du rang et de la condition, par la noblesse de la naissance, par le savoir, par la maturité des années et par l’intelligence ; par la vaillance, par l’habileté, par l’invincibilité, par la connaissance des ressources, par l’art d’État et par la victoire — c’est à de telles mesures qu’on reconnaît l’homme le plus éminent. »
दुर्योधन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse lists the qualities by which Duryodhana judges superiority in a leader: inherited status and lineage, education and maturity, intelligence, martial prowess, practical competence, invincibility, command of resources, political strategy, and proven victory—an artha-and-power-centered yardstick that can stand in tension with dharma-based evaluation.
In the Drona Parva, Duryodhana is speaking in a context of wartime leadership and command. He frames what, in his view, makes someone preeminent and fit to lead—emphasizing social rank, capability, and success—setting the tone for how he assesses allies and commanders during the battle.