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Shloka 19

धृष्टद्युम्नो5थ तस्याश्वान्‌ स्वरथाश्वैर्महारथ: । व्यामिश्रयदमेयात्मा ब्राह्ममस्त्रमुदीरयन्‌,तब अमेय आत्मबलसे सम्पन्न महारथी धृष्टद्युम्नने ब्रह्मास्त्रका प्रयोग करनेके लिये अपने रथके घोड़ोंको आचार्यके घोड़ोंसे मिला दिया

dhṛṣṭadyumno 'tha tasyāśvān svarathāśvair mahārathaḥ | vyāmiśrayad ameyātmā brāhmam astram udīrayan ||

Sañjaya dit : Alors le grand guerrier de char Dhṛṣṭadyumna, à l’âme incommensurable, lança ses propres chevaux dans une mêlée serrée contre ceux de Droṇa, tandis qu’il mettait en œuvre l’Arme de Brahmā (Brahmāstra). Au cœur du tumulte, il choisit l’affrontement direct, invoquant un trait suprême—geste qui accroît à la fois l’urgence tactique et la tension éthique qu’il y a à user d’une puissance extraordinaire contre un maître révéré.

धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
तस्यof him/of that (one)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
स्वरथाश्वैःwith (his) own chariot-horses
स्वरथाश्वैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्व-रथ-अश्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यामिश्रयत्mingled/entangled (them)
व्यामिश्रयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-आ-मिश्र्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अमेयात्माof immeasurable spirit/might
अमेयात्मा:
TypeAdjective
Rootअमेय-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मम्Brahma-related (Brahmic)
ब्राह्मम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootब्राह्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अस्त्रम्weapon/missile
अस्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उदीरयन्uttering/launching (while doing so)
उदीरयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-ईर्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
D
Droṇa (implied by 'tasya' and the Hindi gloss 'ācārya')
H
horses
C
chariot
B
Brahmāstra (Brāhma astra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, choices about means matter: invoking a supreme weapon like the Brahmāstra signals escalation and raises ethical pressure—especially when directed toward a revered teacher (ācārya). It frames the tension between kṣatriya duty to win and the restraint expected in righteous conduct.

Dhṛṣṭadyumna closes distance by intermingling his chariot’s horses with Droṇa’s horses, forcing close engagement, and simultaneously begins the discharge/invocation of the Brahmāstra, indicating an intense, high-stakes phase of the duel.