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Shloka 42

समां च विषमां चक्ु: खुराग्रैरविकृतां महीम्‌ । हया: काञ्चनयोक्त्रास्ते केसरालम्बिभियुगै:,सोनेकी बागडोरमें बँधे हुए घोड़े अपने गर्दनके बालोंपर रथके जूए लिये टापोंसे खोद- खोदकर समतल भूमिको भी विषम बना रहे थे

samāṁ ca viṣamāṁ cakṣuḥ khurāgrair avikṛtāṁ mahīm | hayāḥ kāñcanayoktrās te kesarālambibhī yugaiḥ ||

Sañjaya dit : Ces chevaux, harnachés de rênes d’or et portant le joug suspendu à leurs crinières, ne cessaient de frapper et de creuser le sol du bout des sabots, si bien que même la terre plane était retournée en aspérités. La scène souligne l’élan inexorable de la guerre : le paysage lui-même est bouleversé par la ruée de la puissance armée, suggérant que le conflit déforme ce qui, naturellement, est stable.

समाम्even, level
समाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विषमाम्uneven, rough
विषमाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविषमा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चक्रुःthey made
चक्रुः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
खुराग्रैःwith the tips of (their) hooves
खुराग्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootखुराग्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अविकृताम्unbroken, unaltered
अविकृताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअविकृता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
महीम्the earth/ground
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हयाःhorses
हयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
काञ्चनयोक्त्राःhaving golden harness/reins
काञ्चनयोक्त्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकाञ्चनयोक्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthose
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केसरालम्बिभिःwith (yokes) hanging on their manes
केसरालम्बिभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकेसरालम्बिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युगैःwith yokes
युगैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
H
horses (hayāḥ)
E
earth/ground (mahī)
G
golden reins/harness (kāñcanayoktra)
Y
yoke (yuga)
M
mane (kesara)

Educational Q&A

The verse offers a vivid ethical image: war’s force does not merely harm opponents; it disturbs the very ground of order and stability. Even what is naturally ‘level’ becomes ‘uneven’ under the pressure of violent haste—suggesting how conflict deforms the world it moves through.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield movement of chariot-horses. With golden reins and yokes resting against their manes, they pound the earth with their hooves, churning and gouging it so that smooth ground becomes rough.