Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 38

अर्जुनस्य गुरुधर्मविलापः तथा शैनेयकर्णयोर्युद्धारम्भः | Arjuna’s Lament on Guru-Dharma and the Opening of the Sātyaki–Karṇa Duel

अथान्यद्‌ धनुरादाय श्यालस्तव विशाम्पते,प्रजानाथ! तत्पश्चात्‌ आपके सालेने दूसरा धनुष लेकर सात्यकिको पहले आठ बाण मारे। फिर पाँच बाणोंसे उन्हें घायल कर दिया। दुःशासनने दस और दुःसहने भी तीन बाण मारे

atha anyad dhanur ādāya śyālas tava viśāmpate prajānātha | tatpaścāt śyālena dvitīyaṃ dhanur gṛhītvā sātyakiṃ pūrvam aṣṭabhir bāṇaiḥ tāḍitaḥ | tataḥ pañcabhir bāṇaiḥ sa viddhaḥ | duḥśāsanena daśa bāṇāḥ, duḥsahena ca trayo bāṇāḥ prahṛtāḥ |

Sañjaya dit : Alors, ô seigneur des peuples, ô souverain des hommes, ton beau-frère saisit un autre arc. Avec celui-ci, il frappa d’abord Sātyaki de huit flèches, puis le blessa encore de cinq. Duḥśāsana en décocha dix, et Duḥsaha en lança trois. Ainsi, dans la pression de la mêlée, les guerriers Kaurava cherchèrent à submerger Sātyaki par des volées concertées—image de la logique âpre de la guerre, où l’endurance se mesure sous l’assaut collectif et sans relâche.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अन्यत्another (one)
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage as indeclinable gerund)
श्यालःbrother-in-law
श्यालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्याल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
विशाम्of the people
विशाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पतेO lord
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रजानाथO lord of subjects
प्रजानाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा-नाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्that/thereupon
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by vocatives viśāmpate, prajānātha)
Ś
Śyāla (the king’s brother-in-law; unnamed here)
S
Sātyaki
D
Duhśāsana
D
Duhsaha
B
Bow (dhanus)
A
Arrows (bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the battlefield reality that individual valor is often met by collective force; it implicitly frames war as a domain where kṣatriya-duty is enacted through endurance, discipline, and tactical coordination, even as it underscores the moral weight of violence.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the king’s brother-in-law takes up another bow and strikes Sātyaki with successive volleys; then Duhśāsana and Duhsaha also shoot arrows at Sātyaki, intensifying the attack.