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Shloka 39

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 109 — Karṇa–Bhīma Yuddha and Durmukha’s Fall (कर्णभीमयुद्धम्; दुर्मुखवधः)

ततो द्रोणो भृशं क्रुद्ध: सहसोदवृत्य चक्षुषी । सात्यकिं सत्यकर्माणं स्वयमेवाभिदुद्रुवे,तब अत्यन्त क्रोधमें भरे हुए द्रोणाचार्यने सहसा आँखें घुमाकर सत्यकर्मा सात्यकिपर स्वयं ही आक्रमण किया

tato droṇo bhṛśaṁ kruddhaḥ sahasodvṛtya cakṣuṣī | sātyakiṁ satyakarmāṇaṁ svayam evābhidudruve ||

Sañjaya dit : Alors Droṇa, enflammé d’une colère farouche, roulant soudain des yeux, se précipita lui-même droit sur Sātyaki—célèbre pour des actes fidèles à ses vœux. L’instant souligne comment la fureur du champ de bataille peut pousser même un maître guerrier à une riposte immédiate et personnelle, resserrant la tension morale entre le devoir discipliné et la passion.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भृशम्exceedingly, greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
FormAvyaya
क्रुद्धःangered
क्रुद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त: क्रुद्ध)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
FormAvyaya
उद्वृत्यhaving turned/rolled (up)
उद्वृत्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउद्-√वृत् (ल्यप्/क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त: उद्वृत्य)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
चक्षुषीthe two eyes
चक्षुषी:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual
सात्यकिम्Satyaki (as object)
सात्यकिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सत्यकर्माणम्whose deeds are true; of true action
सत्यकर्माणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
FormAvyaya
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
FormAvyaya
अभिदुद्रुवेrushed/charged at
अभिदुद्रुवे:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√द्रु (लिट्; परस्मैपद: दुद्रुवे)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
S
Sātyaki (Yuyudhāna)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical danger of krodha (wrath): even a learned and disciplined warrior can be driven into impulsive, personal aggression. In the Mahābhārata’s moral frame, righteous duty in war demands control of the senses; anger narrows judgment and escalates violence.

Sañjaya narrates that Droṇa, intensely enraged, suddenly rolls his eyes and personally charges at Sātyaki, who is described as steadfast in truthful deeds. It marks a direct confrontation initiated by Droṇa rather than through intermediaries.